PGI’s Prof Mandeep Singh Dhillon retires after 37 years of service

Chandigarh: After devoting 37 years to providing medical care, Orthopaedic Surgeon and Head of the Department at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, (PGI) Chandigarh, Professor Mandeep Singh Dhillon has officially retired from his position at the institute.  

He also served as the head of the Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department at PGIMER and is a Sports medicine specialist. Besides PGIMER, Dr Dhillion worked in various organisations like Medical College Patiala and Apollo Hospitals.

He is a specialist in Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, Foot and Ankle problems, Hip and knee Replacement Pioneer in Orthobiologics including PRP therapies, regenerative procedures for cartilage and tendon problems and many more.

Also read- West Bengal: Paediatrician Dr Kaustav Nayek Takes Charge As New DME

As per The Tribune news report, Prof Dhillon was one of the first sports medicine specialists in North India and was the first to start arthroscopy and ACL reconstructions in North India, as early as 1990.

He completed his MBBS and Master in Surgery from Government Medical College, Patiala in 1981. He then joined the PGIMER in 1987 as a senior resident and eventually became one of the most long-standing Heads of the Orthopaedics Department.

He started a Sports Medicine Clinic in the 1990s, a Foot and Ankle clinic in the 2000s, a Regenerative Orthopaedics Facility in the 2010s and an Amputee Rehab clinic in the 2020s, all of which were first-of-their-kind patient care facilities in the country.

He later became the President of the Indian Association of Sports Medicine and worked closely with various National and International sports teams, including the Indian Hockey team, Sri Lanka Cricket team, regional cricket teams, and all regional sports associations. He also served as a consultant to BCCI, Sports Authority of India, Indian Gymnastic Association, among others.

Also read- Lt Gen Ashok Kumar Jindal Appointed As New Executive Director And CEO Of AIIMS Raipur

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World-first regulations to combat sedentary behavior among children in China show global promise

Pioneering measures to tackle sedentary behavior among children in China have proved effective, according to new research.

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Study suggests two copies of APOE4 gene behind up to 20% of Alzheimer’s cases

A team of neurologists affiliated with multiple institutions in Spain and the U.S. has found evidence that suggests up to 20% of all cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be attributable to double copies of the APOE4 gene.

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Researchers show genetic variant common among Black Americans contributes to large cardiovascular disease burden

Researchers at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Duke University showed that a genetic variant, present in 3-4% of self-identified Black individuals in the U.S., increases the risk for both heart failure and death and contributes to significant decreases in longevity at the population level

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First person to receive a genetically modified pig kidney transplant dies nearly 2 months later

The first recipient of a genetically modified pig kidney transplant has died nearly two months after he underwent the procedure, his family and the hospital that performed the surgery said Saturday.

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A rural Ugandan community is a hot spot for sickle cell disease. But one patient gives hope

Barbara Nabulo was one of three girls in her family. But when a sister died, her mother wailed at the funeral that she was left with just one and a half daughters.

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Bomb Scare In Delhi: 20 Hospitals receive threat e-mails days after scare at schools

New Delhi: Days after over 150 schools in Delhi-NCR received an identical threat email claiming that explosives had been planted on their premises, triggering massive evacuations and searches before it was declared a hoax, twenty hospitals too received similar threats on Sunday, said officials.

Twenty hospitals, the IGI Airport and the Northern Railways’ CPRO office in Delhi received bomb threats through emails on Sunday, 11 days after similar messages to more than 150 schools in Delhi-NCR sparked a scare of unprecedented scale.

While threats to schools were received from a Russia-based mailing service, Sunday’s threats to hospitals and two other installations were received from a Europe-based mailing service company ‘beeble.com’, officials said.

Also Read:Bomb threat at Chacha Nehru Hospital turns out to be hoax

According to a police officer, the e-mail was sent to one hospital with copies marked to others with the same content, an officer said. The officer said it was generated from sender id “courtgroup03@beeble.com”, which is being verified and cyber officials are trying to locate the IP address, reports news agency PTI.

The content of the letter read, “I have placed explosive devices inside your building. They will explode in the following hour. This isn’t a threat, you have a few hours to disarm the bomb or else the blood of innocent people inside the building will be on your hands.

“The group called ‘Court’ is behind this massacre,” it said.

The Delhi Police suspects the email was sent with the help of a VPN (virtual private network) or proxy server so that the IP address could not be traced. The Delhi Police Special Cell is likely to file an FIR and conduct the probe, the officer said.

Police received information regarding the threat from Brurari Hospital at 3 pm after which complaints came in from several other hospitals across the city and police teams were dispatched but “nothing suspicious” has been found yet, officials said.

According to a PTI report, The bomb threats were reported from Indira Gandhi International Airport Terminal-3, Burari Hospital, Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Bara Hindu Rao Hospital, Janakpuri Super Speciality Hospital, Deen Dayal Upadhyay, Dabri’s Dada Dev Hospital and Aruna Asaf Ali Government Hospital in Civil Lines, a senior Delhi Fire Services official said.

The Guru Nanak Dev Eye Hospital, Gramin Swastha Prashikshan Sansthan in Najafgarh, ILBS in Vasant Kunj are among the hospitals which were also checked by the local police as the emails were sent to them too, a police officer said.

The CPRO building located at State Entry Road in Connaught Place was also checked but nothing suspicious was found, the officer said. At some of the hospitals, the checks were underway till late night, he said.

“The Security Operations Control Centre at IGI Airport has received a threat email concerning an explosive device within the premises. Enhanced security protocols are now in effect, and safety measures have been intensified. Legal action has been initiated. No suspicious items have been found as of now,” Deputy Commission of Police (IGI) Usha Rangnani said.

The officer said that the airport authorities received a threat email at 6 pm.

Security has been beefed up in all the hospitals in the city and additional police force deployment was made at the airport, however, nothing suspicious was so far recovered from any of the locations so far, they said.

After a call regarding from Burari Hospital, local police, bomb squad and dog squad were rushed to the spot, Deputy Commissioner of Police (north) M K Meena said. “Teams are checking the hospital. Nothing suspicious has been found yet.” In a statement, an official at the Burari Hospital said, “At around 3 pm, we received an email regarding a bomb in the hospital. After this, all the safety measures had been thoroughly checked and everything was stable. This was the first time we received such an email.” The Sanjay Gandhi Hospital also received a threat email around 3 pm, according to officials.

“Soon after the call, we immediately pressed two fire engines at both the locations. Teams have been sent at all the locations from where we are getting calls. The search operation is going on,” a DFS official said.

Shahdara DCP Surendra Choudhary said at around 3.30 pm, a bomb hoax email was received at GTB Hospital and authorities informed local police about it.

“Immediately police swung into action and called the bomb disposal squad to the hospital. Checking was done of GTB Hospital and Delhi State Cancer Institute (situated within the premises). Nothing suspicious found,” DCP Choudhary said.

Another officer from Delhi’s Dwarka said that a PCR call was received at Dabri police station regarding the bomb threat at Dada Dev Hospital. Police and hospital staff checked the premises and fire tender, agencies requisitioned also visited the hospital.

Nothing suspicious was found in the hospital, the officer said.

Doctor Rajat Jhamb from GTB Hospital said, “We received a bomb threat via e-mail at the same time as other hospitals, but there was no panic-like situation at the hospital.” Meanwhile, the Municipal Corporation of Delhi officials said that the administration of Bara Hindu Rao Hospital came to know about a bomb threat.

“After receiving information about a bomb in the the hospital, the SHO of the area inspected the premises with dog squad and bomb detection squad. No threat was found. Additional MS of Hindu Rao Hospital, nodal officer, exigency officer and security in-charge of the hospital took another round of premises. Few openings were closed and directions to increase security checks in night were given,” they said.

“Operation theatre, emergency, CCU and blood bank are equipped for any adverse event. Hospital is on high alert for QRT activation. Hospital staff have also been asked to be vigilant,” the MCD said in a statement.

On May 1, over 150 schools in Delhi-NCR received an identical threat email claiming that explosives had been planted on their premises, triggering massive evacuations and searches. The authorities later declared it a hoax.

The Delhi Police’s anti-terror unit special cell traced the domain of e-mails to Russia and it is suspected to have been formed with the help of the dark web — an encrypted online content that allows individuals to hide their identity and location from others.

After the hoax e-mails to schools, Union Home Secretary Ajay Bhalla reviewed situation with senior officials and emphasised the need to enhance security, deploy CCTV cameras and regularly monitor e-mails in the schools, besides preparing a detailed protocol and SOPs to handle any such incidents in the future.

Despite the disruptive nature of these threats, authorities remain vigilant, ensuring swift responses to safeguard public safety and maintain order in the affected areas.

Also Read:53-year-old dentist under scanner for hoax bomb threat at Noida hospital

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Zydus Lifesciences Dexamethasone Tablets bags USFDA okay

Ahmedabad: Zydus Lifesciences Limited has announced that the Company has received final approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) to market Dexamethasone Tablets USP, 1 mg.

Dexamethasone is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood/hormone disorders, allergic
reactions, skin diseases, eye problems, breathing problems, bowel disorders, cancer and
immune system disorders.

The product will be manufactured at the group’s formulation
manufacturing facility at Baddi, Himachal Pradesh.

Read also: Zydus Lifesciences completes enrolment for EPICS III Phase 2b/3 trial evaluating Saroglitazar Mg for Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Dexamethasone Tablets USP, 1 mg had annual sales of USD 1.8 mn in the United States
(IQVIA MAT March 24).
The group now has 395 approvals and has so far filed over 460* ANDAs since the
commencement of the filing process in FY 2003-04.

Furthermore, in the same month, Zydus Lifesciences Limited also received final approval from the USFDA to distribute Dapsone Gel, 7.5% (USRLD: Aczone Gel 7.5%).

Read also: Zydus Lifesciences bags USFDA nod for Dapsone Gel for acne treatment

Headquartered in Ahmedabad, Zydus Lifesciences Limited is an innovative, global lifesciences company that discovers, develops, manufactures, and markets a broad range of healthcare therapies. The group has a significant presence in cancer-related therapies and offers a wide range of solutions with cytotoxic, supportive & targeted drugs. The group employs over 26,000 people worldwide, including 1,400 scientists engaged in R&D.

Read also: CDSCO Panel grants Zydus Lifscience Proposal For Additional Indication of Trivalent Influenza vaccine in 6 months to 17 years age

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Anti-inflammatory power of aerobic exercise in adults with obesity may mitigate risks of metabolic diseases: Study

New research being presented at this year’s European Congress on Obesity (ECO) in Venice, Italy (12-15 May), reveals the anti-inflammatory power of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise in adults living with the low-grade inflammation of obesity, shedding light on its potential to help prevent multiple metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis (clogged arteries).

Excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue (fat cells) leads to chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by chronically elevated levels of damaging compounds known as proinflammatory cytokines, which contribute to the development of metabolic diseases.

“We know that exercise can reduce the risk of obesity-related complications and that new weight-loss drugs, like glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), originally developed for diabetes, effectively reduce obesity and related disorders”, explains lead author Professor Signe Torekov from the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. “In this analysis, we wanted to investigate whether combining exercise with GLP-1 RA could reduce chronic low-grade inflammation in individuals with obesity, a process that underlies many chronic diseases and age-related conditions.”

In the S-LITE randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 195 Danish adults (average age 42, 63% female,) with obesity (BMI 32-43 kg/m²) but no history of diabetes, followed an 8-week low-calorie diet (800kcal/day) and lost at least 5% of their body weight (an average weight loss of 13.1kg).

Participants were then randomised to one year of treatment with either placebo (usual activity plus placebo), exercise (minimum 150/75 minutes of moderate/vigorous exercise per week as recommended by WHO guidelines plus placebo), liraglutide (3 mg/day plus usual activity) or a combination of both exercise and liraglutide treatment to maintain the weight loss.

Participants injected themselves with either placebo or liraglutide daily (depending on what group they were in).

The exercise intervention consisted of two supervised sessions per week of mostly vigorous exercise on spinning bikes (assessed by heart rate) and participants were encouraged to perform two individual sessions per week, to reach a minimum of 150 minutes/week of activity.

Blood samples were collected before and after the low-calorie diet and after the 1 year treatment period to measure changes in known drivers of chronic inflammation-inflammatory cytokines like interleukins (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)

At 1 year, patients in the liraglutide only group lost on average an additional 0.7 kg; patients in the exercise group regained 2.0 kg; and participants in the placebo group regained about half of what they had lost (6.1 kg). However, participants in the combined exercise and liraglutide group lost an additional 3.4 kg on average.

Changes in inflammatory markers

After the low-calorie diet, TNF-α levels increased by on average 8.4%, and IL-10 levels increased by 11.7%. The other cytokines showed no significant changes after the dietary intervention. TNF- α is associated with apoptosis (cell death), and the authors speculate that the rapid decrease in weight leads to a transient increase in TNF-a as a marker of stress.

By the end of the 1 year intervention period, the exercise group reduced IL-6 levels on average by 31.9%, and by 18.9% compared to placebo. Chronic elevated IL-6 are associated with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. The exercise group also reduced IFN-γ levels on average by 36.6%, and by 37.2% compared to placebo. IFN-y in obesity is associated with insulin resistance.

The liraglutide and combination groups decreased IL-6 levels by on average 17.3% and 19.9%, respectively, over the intervention period, but did not differ significantly compared to placebo. However, there were no changes in IFN-γ in the placebo, liraglutide, or combination groups.

No significant differences were observed between the groups in the plasma concentrations of IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α.

“Our findings show that performing exercise according to guideline recommendations was the most effective strategy to reduce chronic low-grade inflammation”, says Professor Torekov. “Liraglutide treatment did not reduce inflammation more than placebo, and adding liraglutide to exercise did not reduce inflammation further. These findings emphasise the benefits of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity in reducing the low-grade inflammation of obesity that could help prevent related metabolic diseases.”

The drop-out rate was low. At 1 year, 41 of 49 randomised patients in the liraglutide group, 40 of 48 patients in the exercise group, 45 of 49 patients in the combination group, and 40 of 49 patients in the placebo group completed the study.

Reference:

Randomized trial reveals anti-inflammatory power of aerobic exercise in adults with obesity-helping to mitigate risks of metabolic diseases, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Meeting: European Congress on Obesity (ECO2024).

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TyG-BMI linked to long-term adverse outcomes in heart failure patients with CHD, claims study

China: In a significant breakthrough for cardiovascular medicine, a recent study has uncovered a crucial association between the Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) and long-term adverse outcomes in heart failure patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Published in the esteemed journal Cardiovascular Diabetology, this research sheds light on the predictive value of TyG-BMI in identifying high-risk patients and guiding clinical management strategies.

This study showed a nonlinear association between the TyG-BMI index and both heart failure (HF) rehospitalization and all-cause mortality in HF patients with CHD, positioning the TyG-BMI index as a significant prognostic marker in this population.

TyG-BMI, a novel index derived from triglyceride levels, glucose levels, and BMI measurements, serves as a comprehensive marker of metabolic health and insulin resistance. Previous studies have suggested its utility in assessing cardiovascular risk in various populations, but its specific implications for heart failure patients with CHD have remained unclear until now.

Against the above background, Benchuan Hao, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, and colleagues aimed to investigate the correlation of the TyG-BMI index with long-term adverse outcomes in heart failure patients with coronary heart disease.

For this purpose, the researchers conducted a single-center, prospective cohort study including 823 HF patients with CHD. The TyG-BMI index was calculated as follows: ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2] × BMI.

The researchers used multivariate Cox regression models and restricted cubic splines with threshold analysis to explore the association between the TyG-BMI index and the occurrences of all-cause mortality and HF rehospitalization.

The study led to the following findings:

• Over a follow-up period of 9.4 years, 425 patients died, and 484 were rehospitalized due to HF.

• Threshold analysis revealed a significant reverse “J”-shaped relationship between the TyG-BMI index and all-cause mortality, indicating a reduced risk of all-cause mortality with higher TyG-BMI index values below 240.0 (adjusted model: HR 0.90).

• A distinct “U”-shaped nonlinear relationship was observed with HF rehospitalization, with the inflection point at 228.56 (adjusted model: below: HR 0.95; above HR 1.08).

During long-term follow-up, the findings study showed a significant nonlinear association between the TyG-BMI index and both all-cause mortality and HF rehospitalization among HF patients across various EF phenotypes with CHD.

“The TyG-BMI index proves to be a valuable biomarker for predicting adverse outcomes risk in heart failure patients, and its assessment could refine prognosis evaluation for these patients,” the researchers wrote.

As the prevalence of heart failure and coronary heart disease continues to rise globally, the need for accurate risk stratification tools becomes increasingly paramount. The findings of this study highlight the potential of TyG-BMI as a valuable prognostic marker in guiding clinical decision-making and improving cardiovascular outcomes for patients with concurrent heart failure and CHD.

Reference:

Lyu, L., Wang, X., Xu, J. et al. Association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and long-term adverse outcomes of heart failure patients with coronary heart disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 23, 162 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02213-2

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