Female dentist found dead in burnt state at her residence

Chennai: In an unfortunate incident, a female doctor was found dead in a burnt state inside her apartment in Pallavaram on Thursday night. Police are investigating the cause of the fire, with two primary theories under consideration. 

According to the news reports, residents of the building noticed smoke emanating from the apartment and promptly alerted the fire department. Firefighters rushed to the scene and brought the blaze under control, only to find the charred body of the victim.

The deceased has been identified as a doctor employed at a dental hospital in Egmore, Chennai.

Also Read: UP doctor brutally murdered, half-burnt body dumped in forest

As per the recent media report by DT Next, police are investigating the cause of the fire and are exploring two possibilities, whether it resulted from an air conditioner explosion or was a case of suicide.

The investigation is ongoing, and officials are working to establish the exact cause of the blaze. Further updates are expected as authorities continue their inquiries.

Also Read:Real Life Horror! Debt-driven Doctor Burns Man Alive to Claim Insurance in UP

Medical Dialogues had earlier reported that in a horrifying incident, a Baghpat-based doctor, who was facing a huge Rs 30 lakh debt that he could not repay, is alleged to have burned a man alive to fake his own death and claimed insurance money to settle his debts.

What is more disturbing is that the doctor allegedly planned the whole thing, calculated every step and he was allegedly inspired by a popular crime television series, CID. After inviting the deceased for a couple of drinks, the accused doctor put the deceased inside the doctor’s own car to make it look like the doctor himself had been murdered.

Powered by WPeMatico

Aurobindo Pharma arm gets positive opinion for biosimilar Dyrupeg from EMA

HyderabadCuraTeQ Biologics s.r.o., a step-down subsidiary of Aurobindo Pharma Limited, has announced that the
Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) within the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has
adopted a positive opinion for Dyrupeg (BP14, a pegylated filgrastim biosimilar) recommending the granting
of a marketing authorisation.
    

The CHMP positive opinion is expected to translate into a formal decision of
approval by the European Commission in April 2025.


Dyrupeg will be available as 6 mg solution for injection in prefilled syringe and is intended for the reduction
in the duration of neutropenia and the incidence of febrile neutropenia in adult patients treated with cytotoxic
chemotherapy for malignancy (with the exception of chronic myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic
syndromes).


Commenting on the update, Dr Satakarni Makkapati, Director Aurobindo Pharma and CEO Biologics, Vaccines
and Peptides said, “After receiving the GMP certificate of compliance from the EMA in November, the positive
opinion of Dyrupeg from CHMP follows the marketing approval of Bevqolva (a bevacizumab biosimilar) by
UK’s MHRA in December 2024, and CHMP’s positive opinion of Zefylti (a filgrastim biosimilar) in December
2024. 
The CHMP positive opinion of Dyrupeg is based upon a review of evidence of analytical biosimilarity,
demonstrating equivalence and no clinically meaningful differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics,
and immunogenicity to the EU-registered reference product Neulasta. We intend to bring these treatment
options to patients in Europe in the second half of 2025 and are on course to file in additional markets for
approval.”

Read also: Aurobindo Pharma arm CuraTeQ Biologics gets UK MHRA nod for cancer treatment Bevqolva

Aurobindo Pharma’s Vice Chairman and Managing Director Mr. K. Nithyananda Reddy said, “The positive
opinion received from CHMP for Dyrupeg furthers our commitment in developing high quality biosimilars and
driving access to patients suffering from illnesses such as cancer. CuraTeQ has a broad pipeline of biosimilars
across oncology and immunology segments and we are enthusiastic about the prospect of adding these over
time to Aurobindo’s commercial portfolio in global markets.”

Powered by WPeMatico

Telangana CM lays foundation stone for 2000-bed Osmania General Hospital, Set to be completed in 2 years

Hyderabad: Telangana Chief Minister A Revanth Reddy on Friday laid the foundation stone for the construction of the new 2,000-bed Osmania General Hospital (OGH) at Goshamahal Stadium. The hospital is expected to be completed within two years. 

The event was attended by Deputy Chief Minister Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka, Medical and Health Minister Damodar Rajanarsimha, Ministers Ponnam Prabhakar and Komatireddy Venkata Reddy, Chief Minister’s Advisor Vem Narender Reddy, Government Advisor K Kesava Rao, Hyderabad Mayor Gadwala Vijayalakshmi, MP Asaduddin Owaisi, Rajya Sabha member Anil Kumar Yadav, and several MLAs.

According to a UNI report, the new hospital, to be built in Goshamahal, will span 32 lakh square feet and comply with National Medical Commission (NMC) and Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) norms.

Designed to accommodate 2,000 beds, the facility will feature 29 major and 12 minor operation theatres, advanced robotic surgery units, and a dedicated transplant theatre. 

As per a media report in the TNIE, the new hospital will be constructed over 26 acres with a built-up area of 32 lakh square feet at a cost of Rs 2,700 crore. The project is expected to be completed within two years.

Also Read:Telangana Health Minister inaugurates new medical college Hospital built at cost of Rs 183 crore

A significant expansion of the Medical Education and Training wing is also planned, incorporating 30 departments, including eight new super-speciality disciplines. The hospital will house a new academic block with Nursing, Dental, and Physiotherapy colleges, enhancing medical education opportunities.

In addition to the medical facilities, the hospital will incorporate modern amenities such as a high-tech laundry system, sewage and effluent treatment plants, and a biomedical waste management system, ensuring a clean and sustainable environment. 

The project reflects a coordinated effort between various departments, showcasing a multidisciplinary approach under the Congress government. The hospital and police department will share the land, creating a synergistic solution that meets medical, educational, and law enforcement needs while ensuring police welfare.

Chief Minister Revanth Reddy has overseen detailed planning to ensure provisions for essential utilities such as electric supply, fire safety, and waste management. The hospital design includes dedicated spaces for a power substation, fire station, and bio/non-bio waste disposal units. Additionally, a government school previously located on the site will be relocated and rebuilt.

Patient comfort has been prioritised, with dedicated reception areas, waiting halls, canteens, rest zones, and bathrooms on every floor for patients, visitors, and staff.

The facility will also include a ground-plus-two (G+2) parking system to accommodate high footfall. To ease traffic congestion around the hospital and police stadium, roads are being redesigned with underpasses and signal-free junctions. Customised professional lighting and campus illumination are also planned.

The hospital will include provisions for a helipad to facilitate emergency airlifting of critical patients and organ transplant logistics. The entire hospital campus will be developed over 26 acres and 30 guntas, while the police department will redesign its adjoining 11-acre campus for operational needs.

This landmark project aims to revitalise Osmania General Hospital as a premier healthcare institution while ensuring Hyderabad’s medical infrastructure is future-ready.

Established in 1919 by the last Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, OGH has a rich legacy, tracing its origins to Afzalgunj Hospital, which was founded in 1866 by Salar Jung I. Built in the Indo-Saracenic architectural style, the hospital has been an important centre for medical research and conferences for decades.

Previously, OGH served over 3,000 outpatients and 1,200 inpatients daily, with staff performing 100–150 major surgeries and several hundred minor procedures. However, with the city’s population surge, the 7.5 lakh square foot facility became inadequate, failing to meet NMC norms, which require a minimum of 30 lakh square feet for a hospital of this scale.

For years, modernisation efforts were hindered by legal disputes, pending court cases, and heritage conservation concerns. The previous government failed to prioritise either the hospital’s heritage or the public need for an upgraded facility, reports UNI.

However, under the leadership of Chief Minister Revanth Reddy, the hospital’s redesign was fast-tracked, with all necessary approvals and clearances obtained in record time, paving the way for the foundation stone-laying ceremony.

Also Read:Osmania Medical College gets new girls’ hostel building at cost of Rs 121 crore

Powered by WPeMatico

Applying for DNB PDCET 2025? Here Is Eligibility Criteria

New Delhi- The National Board of Examination in Medical Sciences (NBEMS) recently began the application process for the DNB – Post Diploma Centralized Entrance Test (PDCET) – 2025. For candidates appearing for DNB-PDCET And DNB PDCET, NBE has also released an information bulletin detailing the Eligibility Criteria along with other details.

The eligibility criteria for admission to Post Diploma DNB Courses of 2 years duration is as follows:

Candidates who have passed the final examination leading to the award of Post Graduate Diploma from Indian Universities/NBEMS which are duly recognized as per provisions of the NMC Act 2019 and the repealed Indian Medical Council Act 1956 can apply for the DNB-PDCET 2025 in the same Broad specialty through online application system at natboard website  The result of final examination for the said Post Graduate Diploma qualification should have been declared on or before 31st January 2025.

Candidates must note that it is mandatory for them to submit proof/documentary evidence that clearly establishes that the result of the final examination for their Post Graduate Diploma qualification was declared on or before the cut-off date i.e. 31st January 2025.

In the event that the proof / documentary evidence submitted by the candidate does not clearly establishes that the result of the final examination of his/her Post Graduate Medical Diploma qualification was declared on or before 31st January 2025, the candidature shall be cancelled and the candidate shall be declared as ineligible.

Candidates found to be ineligible at any stage of DNB-PDCET 2025 will not be permitted to appear in the examination and/or counseling. In an unlikely event of any ineligible candidate appearing and/or being successful in the DNB-PDCET 2025, the results/ candidature of such candidate shall be cancelled and/or are deemed to be cancelled.

Requests for appearing in DNB-PDCET 2025 from candidates qualifying PG Medical Diploma qualification after 31st January 2025 or having qualifications that are not recognized as per the NMC Act, 2019 and the repealed IMC Act, 1956 shall be summarily rejected. Candidates are further advised not to canvass for the same.

Candidates already pursuing a MD/MS/DNB course are not eligible to appear for DNB-PDCET till such time they have completed the duration of prescribed course or have been discharged from the course. This shall be irrespective of their resignation or discontinuation from the course due to any reason.

Candidates possessing Diploma qualifications awarded by the College of Physicians and Surgeons (CPS), Mumbai other than DPB, DCH and DGO are NOT eligible to apply for DNB-PDCET in line with the clarification received from the Govt of India vide MoHFW letter No. C.18018/11/2021-MEP dated 30.04.2021.

Registration with the NMC/ the erstwhile Medical Council of India or State Medical Council is necessary and its documentary proof should be furnished by the candidates on the day of examination and at the time of counseling/admission.

Eligibility of candidates issued admit card for the examination shall be purely provisional. Appearing in DNB-PDCET 2025 does not confer any automatic rights upon the candidate for admission to Post Diploma DNB courses.

NBEMS does not verify the information provided by the candidates during online submission of application form and hence candidature will be purely provisional subject to fulfilment of eligibility criteria as mentioned in the Information Bulletin for DNB-PDCET 2025.

Candidates are advised not to canvass with NBEMS for eligibility in DNB-PDCET or issuance of admit card. Queries, if any, can be submitted through Communication Web Portal only. Canvassing in any form shall invite rejection of the application.

DNB PDCET 2025 SCHEDULE

Processes

Timelines

Online Submission of Application Form

30th January 2025 (03:00PM Onwards) to

19th February 2025 (Till 11:55PM)

Edit Window for All Payment Success Applications

Any information/documents can be edited

except Name, Nationality, Email, Mobile number and Test City)

25th – 27th February 2025

Final and Selective Edit Window to rectify Deficient/Incorrect Images

(No further opportunity shall be given thereafter)

1. Photograph

2. Signatures

3. Thumb Impression

07th – 10th March 2025

Issue of Admit Card

21st March 2025

The city where the candidate will take the

exam will be informed to the candidate

through email on 05th March 2025.

Examination Date

25th March 2025

Declaration of Result

By 25th April 2025

Cut-off date for qualifying the final

examination of PG Medical Diploma

qualification towards eligibility for DNBPDCET 2025

31st January 2025

Powered by WPeMatico

Fact Check: Can a Homemade Bay Leaf and Clove Mouthwash Relieve Toothache in 5 Minutes?

A Pinterest post claims that homemade mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water makes toothache disappear toothache in just 5 minutes. The claim is False.

Claim

The Pinterest post titled, “Relieves toothache in just five minutes” claims that, “Homemade mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water makes toothache disappear toothache in just 5 minutes.” The Pinterest user Pepe Millonario posted a reel that states, “Relieve toothache in just five minutes. Yes, in just five minutes, the pain will disappear.” The reel further explains the remedy: “Start by placing four bay leaves in a glass container. Bay leaves treat bleeding and gingivitis. Then, add a teaspoon of cloves. Cloves eliminate bad breath, leave the breath fresh, and also instantly relieve toothache and eliminate cavities. Now we need half a lemon; cut it into slices. Lemon kills the microbes in the mouth, helping to reduce infection and improve oral hygiene. Before continuing, add boiling water, close the container tightly, and let it sit for an hour, and that’s it. So how to use this recipe: wash and rinse your mouth for one minute with this mouthwash.”

The Pinterest post can be accessed here.

Fact Check

The claim is False. While natural remedies like bay leaves, clove oil, and lemon juice may soothe mild discomfort, they cannot make a toothache disappear in 5 minutes. Addressing the root cause with proper dental care is essential for lasting relief.

Understanding Toothache and its Causes

Toothache also refer as Odontogenic pain is defined as pain initiating from the teeth or their supporting structures, the mucosa, gingivae, maxilla, mandible or periodontal membrane.

Toothache can present in different ways and is most often caused by inflammation of the dental pulp resulting from tooth decay (dental caries). It may also stem from dentine sensitivity to cold, sweet, or physical triggers, apical periodontitis, dental abscesses, pain following dental procedures (iatrogenic), teeth grinding (bruxism), or intense pain after treatments such as root canal therapy or apicectomy.

Toothache Management

The management of toothache focuses on relieving symptoms and, when needed, promptly referring the patient to a dentist for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment. Pain control usually involves the use of analgesics such as paracetamol and NSAIDs. Antibiotics should only be prescribed if there are clinical indications of the infection spreading either locally or systemically. For infections involving the root canal system, the patient should be referred for either root canal therapy or tooth extraction

Health benefits of Bay Leaves, Cloves and Lemon

Bay leaf, scientifically known as Laurus nobilis, has been cultivated for thousands of years across European, tropical, subtropical, and Asian countries. It has long been valued for its use in food flavouring, essential oil applications, and traditional medicine. Bay leaf is known for its various biological activities, including wound healing, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunostimulant, antifungal, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Clove, scientifically known as Syzygium aromaticum, is a well-known and highly valued spice that has been used for centuries in food preservation and for various medicinal purposes. Its health benefits come from its rich antioxidant content and its antimicrobial, pain-relieving, and antiviral properties. These unique qualities have made clove stand out among other spices, as it is widely recognized for its significant health-promoting effects and its importance in traditional medicine throughout history.

Lemons (Citrus limon) are an excellent source of Vitamin C, a vital nutrient that boosts the immune system and helps the body defend against infections. They are rich in antioxidants, which help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to better heart health by lowering cholesterol levels and blood pressure. The citric acid in lemons promotes healthy digestion by stimulating the production of gastric juices, while their alkalizing properties assist in maintaining the body’s pH balance. Additionally, lemons support skin health through their high Vitamin C content, which aids in collagen production and helps prevent skin ageing.

Can homemade mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water make toothache disappear in just 5 minutes?

Bay leaf, clove, and lemon juice offer various health benefits, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunostimulant properties, pain relief, and the ability to lower cholesterol levels and blood pressure. While bay leaf and clove may temporarily help manage toothache, there is no scientific evidence or medical consensus to support the claim that a mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water can make a toothache disappear in just 5 minutes.

A review article from the Dental Journal highlights that bay leaf possesses analgesic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of eugenol, which might help in temporarily alleviating toothache. However, while bay leaf may reduce pain in the oral cavity and provide temporary relief, it is crucial to address the root cause of the toothache, such as cavities, infections, or gum disease. Additionally, the study does not claim that dental pain will disappear suddenly within 5 minutes.

Similarly, another review article published in the Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology discusses the role of clove in managing toothache. The review highlights that clove oil is commonly used for toothache relief. However, this study does not provide any evidence supporting the sudden disappearance of toothache within 5 minutes by the application of clove oil.

Likewise, a study published in the Journal of Oral Hygiene and Health concluded that lemon juice could be effectively and safely used as a rinse to maintain oral hygiene. However, the study does not mention lemon or its effect on relieving tooth pain.

There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that bay leaves, clove oil, and lemon juice, individually or in combination, can make a toothache disappear in just 5 minutes. While studies mention the potential roles of bay leaf and clove oil in managing toothache and lemon juice in maintaining oral hygiene, none of these ingredients address the root causes of toothache. The primary causes, such as dental caries, pulp inflammation, dental abscesses, or gum inflammation due to infection, must be treated to effectively manage toothache. Additionally, there is no consensus within the dental community supporting the claim that a homemade mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water can instantly relieve toothache in just 5 minutes.

Dr. Prinita Tirkey, MDS Periodontist, Rajmata Smt. Devendra Kumari Singh Deo Govt Medical College and Hospital Ambikapur, Surguja, Chhattisgarh told Medical Dialogues, “Toothache can be frustrating, and while natural remedies like bay leaves, clove oil, or lemon juice might provide mild, temporary relief, it’s impossible for these ingredients to make a toothache disappear in just 5 minutes. The root causes, such as cavities, infections, or gum disease, need proper dental treatment for lasting relief.

To this Dr Meenakshi Sahu, Senior Associate Dentist, at Vyas Dental Inn, Raipur(C.G) added “Tooth pain is usually a sign of a deeper issue, like decay, infection, or gum problems, which natural remedies can’t fix. Ingredients like clove oil or bay leaves may offer brief relief, but expecting them to completely eliminate pain in 5 minutes is unrealistic. It’s important to consult a dentist to identify and treat the real cause of the pain properly.”

Medical Dialogues Final Take

Natural remedies like bay leaves, clove oil, and lemon juice may provide temporary comfort for toothache, but they cannot resolve the root causes such as cavities, infections, or gum issues. It’s unrealistic to expect these ingredients to completely eliminate pain within 5 minutes. Toothache requires proper diagnosis and treatment by a dentist to address the underlying problem and provide lasting relief.

Hence, the claim that homemade mouthwash made with bay leaves, cloves, lemon, and boiling water makes toothache disappear in just 5 minutes is False.

Powered by WPeMatico

DMER Maharashtra Releases Seat Matrix for MPH Nutrition, 160 Seats Up For Grabs

Maharashtra- The Director of Medical Education and Research (DMER) Maharashtra has released the seat position of Master of Public Health (Nutrition) MPH (N) course for the academic year 2024-25. The seat matrix has been released on the official website of the DMER Maharashtra

As per the seat position, a total of 160 seats are vacant for MPH (N) courses in 9 government medical colleges of Maharashtra. Out of which 7 colleges have 20 seats vacant each and 2 colleges have 10 seats vacant each.

Below are detailed seat positions-

SEAT POSITIONS

S.NO

COLLEGES

VACANT SEATS

1

Government Medical College, Mumbai.

20

2

B J Government Medical College, Pune.

20

3

Government Medical College, Nagpur.

20

4

Government Medical College, Akola.

20

5

Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal.

20

6

Government Medical College, Chandrapur.

10

7

Government Medical College, Gondia.

10

8

Government Medical College, Sambhajinagar.

20

9

Dr Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded

20

TOTAL

160

Meanwhile, the admission process for the Master of Public Health (Nutrition) MPH (N) course for the academic year 2024-25 in 9 government medical colleges of Maharashtra is ongoing.

As per the schedule, the facility to fill out the online application form was available on DME Maharashtra from 20th January 2025. However, for the institutional level, the eligible interested candidate has to apply in person to the concerned college on plain paper from 10th February 2025. Meanwhile, the institutional Level round for Government Medical Colleges is scheduled from 01 to 15 February 2025.

PROVISIONAL SCHEDULE FOR INSTITUTIONAL-LEVEL ROUND

S.NO

ACTIVITY

SCHEDULE

1

Publication of vacancy position on DMER website.

10 February 2025

2

The eligible desirous candidate to apply in person to respective college on plain paper.

10 to 15 February 2025 upto 4.00 pm

3

Publication of Merit List, Selection List and Wait List on the notice board and the website of respective colleges.

16 February 2025 06.00 pm

4

Joining of selected candidates as per selection list dated 16/02/2025 with Original Documents and requisite fees.

17 21 February 2025 upto 5.00 pm (excluding holidays)

5

Publication of residual vacant seats on college notice board & website.

23 February 2025 at 11.00 am

6

Filling of Residual Vacancy from wait-listed candidates as per Merit List published on.

06 February 2025, 24 to 28 February 2025 upto 5.00 pm (excluding holidays)

7

The cut-off date for MPH (N) for the academic session.

28 February 2025

8

The academic session will start on.

15 February 2025

To view the seat position, click the link below

https://medicaldialogues.in/pdf_upload/dmer-maharashtra-271943.pdf

Powered by WPeMatico

Oral Semaglutide Lowers Cravings and Improves Metabolic Health in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Study

A new study published in the journal Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research has found that oral semaglutide reduces total energy intake and changes in the food preference in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diet control is one of the most important management strategies for diabetes, but it is hard for many patients to resist cravings for high-calorie foods. Semaglutide is a GLP-1 RA, and it has been reported to be involved in the regulation of blood sugar levels and weight loss. This study was conducted by Junya H. and colleagues.

The study entailed analysis of data involving 75 patients with type 2 diabetes who received oral semaglutide. The main outcome was the change in the BDHQ score after a three-month period of treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in the CoEQ, HbA1c, and body mass index, all within the same period.

Main Results

  • Participants: The study included 23 participants whose age was at median 64.0 years old, with mean BMI at baseline of 26.9 kg/m², and HbA1c at the onset of 7.6% (59 mmol/mol).

  • Total energy decreased: Total energy intake significantly dropped according to the BDHQ outcome.

  • Carbohydrates decreased more: The decreases in the consumptions of nutrients were greatest on carbohydrates.

Some food cravings also decreased: There were significant drops in cravings on CoEQ by sweet foods:

  • Chocolate and chocolate-flavored foods

  • Carbohydrates

The study also reported lower scores for:

  • Meal satisfaction

  • Frequency and intensity of food cravings

  • Difficulty resisting cravings

  • Frequency of eating in response to cravings

Improved metabolic outcomes: Both HbA1c and BMI significantly decreased after three months of treatment.

Researchers concluded that oral semaglutide improves blood glucose control and diminishes body weight while also modulating food preference in patients with type 2 diabetes. Since semaglutide would reduce total energy intake, carbohydrate intake, and food cravings, it can potentially lead the patient to follow healthier eating behaviors, thereby managing diabetes better as well as eventually leading to positive long-term outcomes.

Reference:

Hironaka J, Ushigome E, Kondo Y, et al. Changes in food preferences after oral semaglutide administration in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: KAMOGAWA-DM cohort. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research. 2025;22(1). doi:10.1177/14791641251318309

Powered by WPeMatico

Study Reveals Strong Link Between Elevated HbA1c and Increased Hypertension Risk

China: A new analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018 has highlighted a significant association between elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and the risk of hypertension (HTN) in US adults.

“HbA1c levels are strongly linked to an increased risk of hypertension, with individuals exhibiting 22% higher odds of developing HTN compared to those with lower HbA1c levels. Additionally, the risk of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) was 30% greater in those with elevated HbA1c,” the researchers reported in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. The study also found that the risk of HTN escalates significantly as HbA1c approaches 5.5%, highlighting the importance of monitoring blood sugar levels to mitigate the risk of developing hypertension.

HbA1c, a key marker of long-term blood glucose control, is widely used to monitor and manage diabetes. Given that hypertension and diabetes often coexist, monitoring HbA1c levels becomes crucial not only for managing diabetes but also for assessing the risk of developing hypertension, a common comorbidity in diabetic patients. Considering this, Wenbo Xu, Department of Laboratory, People’s Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, P.R. China, and colleagues seek to clarify the relationship between HTN and HbA1c, as well as the links between different types of hypertension and HbA1c levels.

For this purpose, the researchers analyzed data from the NHANES 2011–2018, which included anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests. Participants were categorized based on their HbA1c levels into groups of diabetes, prediabetes, and no diabetes. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the correlations between HbA1c levels and the risks of HTN, ISH, and isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH). A fitting curve was also created to illustrate the relationship between HTN and HbA1c.

The study revealed the following findings:

  • Among the 10,503 participants, the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) increased significantly with higher HbA1c levels.
  • In the adjusted model, compared to the lowest HbA1c group, the odds ratio (OR) for the highest HbA1c group was 1.22.
  • The risk of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) increased significantly with higher HbA1c levels in group 3 compared to group 1 (OR: 1.3).
  • The adjusted model showed no significant association between HbA1c levels and the risk of isolated diastolic hypertension.

The study highlights the independent role of HbA1c in increasing the risk of hypertension among adults in the United States, emphasizing the common occurrence of both abnormal glucose metabolism and HTN.

“The findings particularly show that the risk of developing HTN rises most sharply when HbA1c levels near 5.5%,” the researchers concluded.

Reference:

Luo, B., Xu, W., Luo, F. et al. Association between elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels and hypertension among US adults: NHANES 2011–2018. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 58 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04503-3

Powered by WPeMatico

Lerodalcibep Matches Evolocumab in LDL-C Reduction for HoFH: Lancet

Researchers have found in Phase 3 LIBerate-HoFH trial that Lerodalcibep, a third-generation PCSK9 inhibitor, showed similar efficacy to evolocumab in patients with Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH).

Lerodalcibep, a small binding anti-PCSK9 protein (adnectin), showed effective LDL cholesterol reduction in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of lerodalcibep and evolocumab in a globally diverse homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia population. This phase 3, randomised, open-label, crossover, non-inferiority study consisted of two 24-week treatment periods separated by an 8-week washout. The study was conducted in 12 lipid clinics in six countries (India, Israel, Norway, South Africa, Türkiye, and the USA). Patients aged 10 years or older with genetically confirmed homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia were randomly assigned by a computer-generated randomisation scheme performed centrally via interactive response technology to either monthly lerodalcibep 300 mg or monthly evolocumab 420 mg for 24 weeks (period A) followed by an 8-week washout and then crossed over to the alternate therapy for the next 24 weeks (period B). The trial was open-label, but all efficacy parameters were masked to patients, study staff, and the sponsor from randomisation. The primary efficacy endpoint was the percent change from baseline (day 1 of period A) in LDL cholesterol concentration to week 24 for periods A and B. The intention-to-treat (ITT) population, defined as all randomly assigned patients, was used for the primary analysis. The safety population included all patients who received any study medication. The margin used to establish non-inferiority was 6%. Findings: Patients were enrolled from Nov 11, 2019, to July 2, 2021, and the final study visit occurred on Aug 8, 2022. Of 82 patients screened, 66 entered period A (ITT population). The mean age was 28·7 years; 20 (30%) of 66 were paediatric patients; 36 (55%) of 66 were female and 30 (45%) of 66 were male; and the mean baseline LDL cholesterol was 10·59 mmol/L. Mean LDL cholesterol reduction by ITT analysis at week 24 was –4·9% on lerodalcibep compared with –10·3% (3·5) on evolocumab; the mean difference between treatments was 5·4%, which did not show non-inferiority at the prespecified 6% margin. LDL cholesterol response varied considerably across the patient population but was generally similar in the same patients with both lerodalcibep and evolocumab. When averaged across all monthly visits, LDL cholesterol response was –9·1% (SE 3·2) on lerodalcibep and –10·8% (3·2) on evolocumab. Importantly, genotyping and free PCSK9 suppression were not predictive of response. Both drugs were well tolerated, with no treatment-related serious adverse events. Injection site reactions were reported in one (2%) of 65 patients on lerodalcibep and 15 (24%) of 62 patients on evolocumab. The LDL cholesterol response was highly variable, but generally similar in patients treated with lerodalcibep and evolocumab. Importantly, the study showed the inability to predict response based on genotyping, reinforcing the rationale for PCSK9 inhibition in all patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and continuing its use in responders.

Reference:

Lerodalcibep and evolocumab for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia with PCSK9 inhibition (LIBerate-HoFH): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, crossover, non-inferiority trial Raal, Frederick J et al. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Volume 0, Issue 0

Keywords:

Lerodalcibep, Matches, Evolocumab, LDL-C, Reduction, HoFH, Lancet , Raal, Frederick J, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

Powered by WPeMatico

Oral Glucose-Lowering Agents Fall Short to Insulin for containing gestational diabetes Outcomes: JAMA

Researchers have determined that in comparison to insulin treatment, the use of a strategy of oral glucose-lowering agents with metformin and glyburide for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) did not achieve the noninferiority threshold with regard to the risk for large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. A recent study was conducted by Doortje R. and colleagues which was published in the journal of JAMA Network.

GDM is a common complication of pregnancy associated with adverse outcomes such as LGA infants, maternal hypertension, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Insulin remains the standard treatment when dietary changes fail, but oral agents like metformin and glyburide are often explored as alternatives for convenience and patient preference. This study provides critical insights into the relative effectiveness of these approaches.

Participants in whom glycemic control was not adequate were randomly assigned to receive either oral glucose-lowering agents (n = 409) or insulin therapy (n = 411). Metformin was prescribed first at a dose of 500 mg daily and titrated up to 1000 mg twice daily or the highest tolerated dose. Glyburide was added as needed. The initiation of insulin was recommended for those who failed to achieve target glucose levels. Glycemic control targets were defined as fasting glucose >95 mg/dL, 1-hour postprandial glucose >140 mg/dL, or 2-hour postprandial glucose >120 mg/dL, as measured by self-monitoring.

The main outcome measure was the percentage of LGA infants, which was defined as birth weight >90th percentile for gestational age and sex. Secondary outcomes included maternal hypoglycemia, cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and NICU admissions.

Key findings

  • Among 820 participants, the mean age was 33.2 years (SD, 4.7 years).

  • In the oral therapy group, 79% (n = 320) maintained glycemic control without the use of insulin.

  • The LGA infants occurred in 23.9% (n = 97) in the oral therapy group and in 19.9% (n = 79) in the insulin group. Absolute risk difference was 4.0% (95% CI, -1.7% to 9.8%; p=0.09), which crossed the non inferiority margin of 8%.

  • Maternal hypoglycemia occurred in 20.9% participants with oral agents versus 10.9% with insulin (absolute risk difference, 10.0%; 95% CI, 3.7%-21.2%).

  • Other secondary outcomes, such as cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, and NICU admissions, did not differ significantly between groups.

The study concluded that a sequential strategy of oral glucose-lowering agents was not noninferior to insulin in preventing LGA infants in women with GDM. Insulin remains the treatment of choice to achieve optimal perinatal outcomes. Oral agents remain an option for selected patients who cannot tolerate or access insulin and are monitored closely for glycemic control.

Reference:

Rademaker D, de Wit L, Duijnhoven RG, et al. Oral Glucose-Lowering Agents vs Insulin for Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online January 06, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.23410

Powered by WPeMatico